Gvinnai ir 15 tūkstoši datu rindu trīs kolonnās. Viņa vēlētos, lai dati tiktu izdrukāti ar 6 kolonnām vienā lappusē. Piemēram, pirmie 50 nosaukumi A2: C51, pēc tam nākamie 50 vārdi E2: G51. Pēc tam pārvietojiet trešās 50 rindas uz A52: C101 un tā tālāk.
Tā vietā, lai atrisinātu šo problēmu ar formulām, es izmantoju nedaudz Excel VBA, lai pārkārtotu datus.
VBA makro atstās datus A: C. D. parādīsies tukša kolonna. Jaunie dati parādīsies D: F, tukša kolonna G, jauni dati H: J.
Piezīme
Gandrīz pirms 10 gadiem es atbildēju uz jautājumu, kā čūskot 1 kolonnu līdz 6 kolonnām. Gadījumā dati tika sakārtoti horizontāli: Apple C1, Banana D1, Cherry E1 … Fig H1, tad Guava, sākot C2 un tā tālāk. Toreiz es atbildēju uz jautājumu, izmantojot formulas. Jūs varat noskatīties šo veco videoklipu: šeit.
Vispirms ir jānoskaidro, cik rindu ir uz jūsu izdrukātās lapas. Nepalaidiet šo soli. Pirms sākat lietot makro, jums jāveic visas šīs darbības:
- Iestatiet piemales lentes cilnē Lappuses izkārtojums
- Ja vēlaties, lai katrā lappusē atkārtotos 1. rindas virsraksti, izmantojiet Lapu izkārtojums, Augšpusē atkārtojamās rindas un norādiet 1: 1
- Norādiet visas galvenes un kājenes, kas parādīsies katrā lappusē.
- Kopējiet virsrakstus no A1: C1 uz E1: G1.
- Kopējiet virsrakstus no A1: C1 uz I1: K1.
- Kā drukas diapazonu norādiet E: K
- E2: E101 aizpildiet skaitļus no 1 līdz 100 ar
=ROW()-1
Kad visi jūsu lapas iestatījumi ir pareizi, izmantojiet Ctrl + P, lai parādītu dokumentu Print Preview. Ja nepieciešams, ekrāna vidū noklikšķiniet uz rūtiņas Rādīt drukas priekšskatījumu. Drukas priekšskatījumā atrodiet pēdējās rindas numuru 1. lpp. Manā gadījumā tas ir 46. Turpmāk tas būs svarīgs skaitlis.
Lai izveidotu makro, rīkojieties šādi:
- Saglabājiet darbgrāmatu kā jaunu nosaukumu, ja kaut kas noiet greizi. Piemēram: MyWorkbookTestCopy.xlsx
- Nospiediet alt = "" + F11, lai atvērtu VBA redaktoru
- VBA izvēlnē izvēlieties Insert, Module
-
Kopējiet šo kodu un ielīmējiet koda logā
Sub WrapThem() ' the following line says XLUP not x1up ! FinalRow = Cells(Rows.Count, 1).End(xlUp).Row ' Change 46 to match your Rows Per Page RowsPerPage = 46 NextRow = 2 NextCol = 5 For i = 2 To FinalRow Step RowsPerPage Cells(NextRow, NextCol).Resize(RowsPerPage, 3).Value = _ Cells(i, 1).Resize(RowsPerPage, 3).Value If NextCol = 5 Then NextCol = 9 Else NextCol = 5 NextRow = NextRow + RowsPerPage End If Next i End Sub - Atrodiet rindiņu, kurā teikts,
RowsPerPage = 46un aizstājiet 46 ar rindu skaitu, kuru atradāt drukas priekšskatījumā.
Šeit ir dažas citas lietas, kas jums, iespējams, būs jāmaina atkarībā no jūsu datiem:
Par FinalRow =līnija Meklē pēdējā ieraksta 1. slejā Ja jūsu dati sākās C, nevis A ailē ailē, jūs varētu mainīt:
FinalRow = Cells(Rows.Count, 1).End(xlUp).Rowuz šo
FinalRow = Cells(Rows.Count, 3).End(xlUp).RowŠajā piemērā pirmā vieta jaunajiem datiem būs šūna E2. Šī ir 2. rindas 5. sleja. Ja jums ir piecas virsrakstu rindas un jūsu jaunie dati sāksies G6, jūs mainītu NextRow = 2uz NextRow = 6. Mainiet NextCol = 5uz NextCol = 7(jo G kolonna ir 7. kolonna).
Šajā piemērā dati sākas ar A2 (tieši aiz virsrakstiem 1. rindā). Ja jums ir 3 virsrakstu rindas, jūsu dati sākas A4 formātā. Mainīt šo rindu:
For i = 2 To FinalRow Step RowsPerPagešai rindai:
For i = 4 To FinalRow Step RowsPerPageManas izvades kolonnas parādās E kolonnā (5. kolonna) un I slejā (9. kolonna). Pieņemsim, ka jums ir četras datu kolonnas. Sākotnējie dati ir B: E. Ielieciet pirmo kolonnu kopu G: J un L: O. G ir 7. kolonna. L ir 12. kolonna. Šajā tekstā mainiet 3 uz 4 divās vietās, jo jums ir 4 kolonnas, nevis 3. Mainiet 5 uz 7 divās vietās, jo pirmā izvades kolonna ir G, nevis E. Mainiet 9 uz 12, jo otrā izvades kolonna ir L es vietā.
Mainiet šo:
Cells(NextRow, NextCol).Resize(RowsPerPage, 3).Value = _ Cells(i, 1).Resize(RowsPerPage, 3).Value If NextCol = 5 Then NextCol = 9 Else NextCol = 5 NextRow = NextRow + RowsPerPage End Ifuz šo:
Cells(NextRow, NextCol).Resize(RowsPerPage, 4).Value = _ Cells(i, 1).Resize(RowsPerPage, 4).Value If NextCol = 7 Then NextCol = 12 Else NextCol = 7 NextRow = NextRow + RowsPerPage End IfTagad esat gatavs palaist makro. Saglabājiet darbgrāmatu pēdējo reizi.
Logā VBA noklikšķiniet uz jebkuras vietas makro. Zemāk redzamajā attēlā kursors atrodas tieši aiz Sub WrapThem(). Noklikšķiniet uz taustiņa F5 vai noklikšķiniet uz ikonas Izpildīt, kā parādīts zemāk.
Pārslēdzieties atpakaļ uz programmu Excel. Jums vajadzētu redzēt šādus rezultātus:
Pārliecinieties, ka 1. lapas E slejas uzvārdam pareizi seko vārds 1. lapas I slejā.
Skatīties video
Šīs darbības ir izskaidrotas šajā videoklipā:
Video atšifrējums
Uzziniet programmu Excel for Podcast, Epizode 2194: Kolonnu iesaiņošana.
Sveiki, laipni lūgti atgriezties netcast ēterā, es esmu Bils Jelens. Šodienas jautājums, kuru iesūtīja Gvena. Gvena skatās videoklipu 984, kura nosaukums bija Sneaking Columns. Tas ir pirms gadiem, un es toreiz to izmantoju, lai to atrisinātu, taču šī dvīņu problēma ir sarežģītāka.
So she has a three column worksheet with around 15,000 rows. and needs to make each page six columns. So, on the first page, these 60 cells; and then next to it, the next 60 cells. Now, Gwen has figured out that she can fit about 60 rows. But for anyone else watching this, the most important part here is to figure out how many rows because you'll really screw things up if you make any of these changes after the fact.
Alright, so for me, what I'm going to do is I'm going to come here to page layout, I'm gonna declare that these seven columns are going to be my print area-- Print Area, Set Print Area. I'm going to go into Print Titles and say that “Rows to repeat at top” is 1:1. I'm going to go… Actually, I'd like to use Margins here-- Margins, Narrow, and then back in the Page Setup, Header/Footer, and choose whatever my, you know, Custom Footer should be-- Confidential. Do all of the those settings, anything you're ever going to change first. Alright? Because that's going to change the number of rows per page.
Now, I'm going to type in the number 1 here, this is just going to be some temporary data. I'm going to hold down the Ctrl key and grab the Fill handle, and go down until I'm sure I'm past the first page like that. And then, we'll just do a Print Preview-- Ctrl+P, Show Print Preview-- and you'll notice that I have 46 rows that fit on the first page. And let's just check, go to the second page-- so 46 plus 46 is 92, so we're getting 46 rows per page, 46 rows per page. That number is incredibly important-- 46. In fact, I'm going to write it down over here just so I don't forget-- 46 rows per page.
Alright, now, I'm going to solve this today with a Macro; back in video 984, I used some complex formulas to do it, but today a macro feels better. If you've never used macros before don't be intimidated. Here's how we start: We press Alt+F11-- Alt+F11-- that brings open this screen and actually, the very first time that you open Alt+F11, it's going to be just a big gray screen-- probably a lot like this-- like that. So you want to say, View, Project Explorer, Find your workbook here, and say Insert Module-- I've already done that-- and what we'll get-- and what we get-- is a white screen. And over here in this white screen, you're going to type this code, alright? The word "Sub" which means that this is a subroutine, and then any naming you want-- I call it WrapThem, no spaces there, so just jam everything together-- open and closing parenthesis. Then we're we're going to create a variable: FinalRow = Cells(Rows.Count, 1).End, and these four letters here are XL, not X1-- everybody screws this up, XL. And you can type it in all caps if you want but they're going to change it back to that format where the L looks like a 1-- don't put a 1 there. Rows.Per.Page-- and this is where you put whatever number you figured out. Now, for me it's 46; for Gwen, it sounds like it's 60. And then, the next row where we want the first data to go is Row 2, and then the next column-- 1, 2, 3, 4, 5-- is Column 5.
Alright, so I set this up. And then, the rest of this is going to be very, very generic. it's going to work with, you know, any size data set: For I (it's a variable) = 2 To FinalRow (that's how many rows we had) Step (that means every time through the loop we're going to increase by) RowsPerPage (which in this case is 46, for Gwen's case it's going be 60). We're going to say: Cells(NextRow, NextCol) -- so, next row's going to be 2, Column 5-- .Resize(RowsPerPage, 3) -- resize 46 rows, 3 columns-- .Value = _ (and that's an underscore there) It's going to be equal to Cells(1, 1) -- so whatever is in Row 2 comma 1, Column 1-- .Resize(RowsPerPage, 3).Value. And then, what we have to do is, we have to be a little bit clever here about after we paste the first 46 times 46 rows, by 3 columns.
Where do we go next? There, right? So, if currently, the next column is pointing to Column E, well, then I need the next one to go to Column I. I is the ninth column. Alright. So that's why we say NextCol = 5. But if we're not… NextCol = 5 that means our NextCol = 9. Then we're going to reset the next group back to Column E and the NextRow is going to be = whatever the previous row was, + 46. And then next time… now here, let's just walk through this, you don't have to run it one step at a time. But I'm going to do that with F8-- just to see what we get here.
And so, what we've learned, is the final row is real-- 15,582. We're about to write to row 2, column 5. And so: For I = 2 To FinalRow. The first time through, I is going to be equal to 2. We're going to say that Row 2, Column 5, is going to be equal to Row 2, Column 1-- 46 rows, 3 columns. I want to run this with F8. We'll look over here in the spreadsheet and we'll see that it turned out those first 46 came to this area. Alright. But, we're going to let this run again. Alright.
Now, the second time through the loop, the I has jumped up from 2 to 48. Alright. And so this time, we're going to be running to Row 2, Column 9, and we're going to be getting data from Row 48. Alright, now let's go check this one right here. So, what we see is Andy Hartley-- that works great-- down here at the end, Kelly Ferguson. But the next person should be Lue Rahman-- Rahman-- and that works, and it goes down to Lue Harvey, right there. Alright. Now, what we're hoping next time, is we get Barb Davison. I'll press F8 few more times, here's the next one and we look, and it's now writing to Row 48. Alright. And it's Barb Davison, and it appears to be working. At this point, I'm happy with it, I'm just going to click run.
And, actually, you don't have to go-- if you're not creating a video to explain this to somebody-- you don't have to go through and press F8; you could just come up here, click inside WrapThem, click run, and that fast it will take your data and wrap it into two columns.
Now, some things I see here-- Surname isn't wide enough, that should not affect our page layout, I'm hoping. And when I do Print Preview, I now have 170 pages. Data there, Page 2, Page 3, Page 4. Now, if we would change the margins at this point, everything is going to be screwed up-- it's going to be horrible. That's why it's really, really important, right up front, you have to do all of your page layout things before you calculate that 46. Now, of course, at this point, Save your workbook with a new name, alright? We don't want to destroy the personal workbook. And then you can delete columns A through D, and you have your results.
Now, if you want to learn about macros-- macros are incredibly powerful-- we probably could have solved this with a formula. And, certainly, the me from 10 years ago solved it with a formula, but at this point in my life, just a simple little 15 line macro is a lot easier. This book, by Tracy Syrstad and myself, will teach you all about macros.
Alright, wrap-up for this Episode: How to wrap 3 columns of data in 2 sets of columns per page. The super important step, you have to do all the page setup things first, Rows to Repeat at Top, Margins, Header/Footer, and then just type some numbers-- 1 through whatever-- I use the Fill handle with control; go to Print Preview, How many rows per page; switch over to Alt+F11; Insert a module and then type the code that I showed you in the video; click run. And most of the time, I advise people to save your workbook as xlsm, but in this case this was a one-time thing, I'm suspecting. So if you're, you know, just want to have that macro disappear, keep it as xlsx, save the file, it'll warn you that you're about to lose your macro. That's probably okay, because we've solved the problem well.
Hei, es vēlos pateikties Gvenam par šī jautājuma nosūtīšanu, es vēlos pateikties, ka apstājāties. Tiksimies nākamreiz, lai skatītu citu netcast raidījumu no.
